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The swamps of the park is flooded by a bund ( Ajan Bund ) built across the confluence of two rivers , Gambir and Bhagana.

Within the bound of the parks are many dykes, canals and sluice control system. That regulated the waterfowl within the park to keep it wet. Monsoon rain (July – September) brings water to the region. The patches are filled by the rainwater up to a depth of 2 meters (6 feet ).

From September onwards the water level starts reducing. By February, the soil starts drying up and by the end of June the soil turns dry, baring a few patches of wet depressions.

The dykes are the sluice control mechanism helps to a large extend in managing the wetland. Without this it is impossible to support such large avian life of the park. The bund mentioned above – Ajan Bund – is drained twice and year into the park .

The first time in the year is during July , as the monsoon begins and then during late September or October. That with the internal water control system in the park ensures that a reasonable level of water is available in the park throughout the year.

The park is an “oasis” thick vegetation in an otherwise semiarid landmass of the upper Indo-Gangetic plane. That earned its name Ghana, means thicket. Many times the park is referred as Keoladeo Khana park. The vegetation is mostly tropical dry deciduous type and dry grassland. The wetland too are rich with aquatic vegetation. The soil is alluvial with some level of clay content.